Concussion is a transient disturbance to brain function that is caused by a traumatic stimulus.

The trauma is commonly, but not necessarily a blow to the head.

Patients often complain of headache, loss of memory and dizziness. It often manifests with poor co-ordination, loss of consciousness or teammates complaining of the inability to perform practiced team plays. Loss of consciousness does not necessarily correlate with the severity of a concussion.

If a player is to be left on the field after a concussive episode, it should be decided by someone who is experienced in treating concussion. If a person plays on with concussion, they are at risk of second impact syndrome (life threatening), prolonging their symptoms and further injury such as a shoulder problem.

Players should be sent to a doctor or the hospital if there is any of the following

• Prolonged symptoms
• Severe headache
• Drowsiness
• Loss of consciouness
• Uncontrolled vomiting
• Post concussive fit
• Repetitive concussion

Recommendations:

• Prior to annual competition, there should be baseline testing
• Post concussion they should
  • Not drive
  • Not drink alcohol
  • Be sent home with a responsible person preferably adult
• When to return to play is best decided by a doctor experienced in treating concussion and may vary dependent upon symptoms
• Mandatory exclusion periods are controversial